'Galaxy X', only 300,000 light years away.

Dark Matter Hunters Suspect They've Found 'Galaxy X'

Years ago, astronomers mapped out curious ripples in the cold hydrogen gas that lies within the disk of our Milky Way galaxy — and suggested that the ripples were caused by the gravitational influence of an unseen dwarf galaxy dominated by dark matter. Now those astronomers say they may have found the lurker, nicknamed "Galaxy X."

The "observational confirmation" of the prediction is detailed in a research paper that's been accepted for publication in Astrophysical Journal Letters, astronomer Sukanya Chakrabarti of the Rochester Institute of Technology told NBC News in an email.

http://www.nbcnews.com/science/space/dark-matter-hunters-suspect-theyve-found-galaxy-x-n301956

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Dark matter and dark energy are still hypothesis!? LOL They must be kidding us...

[edit] https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9EPlyiW-xGI

http://setiathome.berkeley.edu/forum_thread.php?id=75565#1566539

There's that Primer Fields Theory again..

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rOZZ
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They are Julie! The gullible believe though :-)

Good thing we're not all like that;)

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Another piece of the puzzle how the universe works.

NASA’s Hubble, Chandra Find Clues that May Help Identify Dark Matter

Using observations from NASA’s Hubble Space Telescope and Chandra X-ray Observatory, astronomers have found that dark matter does not slow down when colliding with itself, meaning it interacts with itself less than previously thought. Researchers say this finding narrows down the options for what this mysterious substance might be.

Dark matter is an invisible matter that makes up most of the mass of the universe. Because dark matter does not reflect, absorb or emit light, it can only be traced indirectly by, such as by measuring how it warps space through gravitational lensing, during which the light from a distant source is magnified and distorted by the gravity of dark matter.

http://www.nasa.gov/press/2015/march/nasa-s-hubble-chandra-find-clues-that-may-help-identify-dark-matter/index.html

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Very interesting, thank you Lynn:)

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Update:

Dark matter mapped at cosmic scale

Survey charts clusters and voids of invisible matter over hundreds of millions of light years.


Cosmologists have produced an enormous map of the distribution of dark matter in our Universe, tracing the invisible substance by monitoring its gravitational effects on light.



The detailed distribution of dark matter has been traced across a large area of sky: yellow and red represent dense regions of dark matter and the black circles represent galaxy clusters.

http://www.nature.com/news/dark-matter-mapped-at-cosmic-scale-1.17311

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http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2015/04/150427133119.htm

The next step will involve getting more detailed samples of peculiar velocities to enhance the map, in collaboration with researchers in Australia.

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rOZZ
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I like this:)

"The galaxy distribution isn't uniform and has no pattern. It has peaks and valleys much like a mountain range. This is what we expect if the large-scale structure originates from quantum fluctuations in the early universe," said Hudson, also associate dean of science, computing.

That's mean there are no perfection in our World.
Even nature laws are broken sometimes.
Well not so often but enough to change the world for good or worse...

http://science.nasa.gov/astrophysics/focus-areas/what-is-dark-energy/

Another explanation for dark energy is that it is a new kind of dynamical energy fluid or field, something that fills all of space but something whose effect on the expansion of the Universe is the opposite of that of matter and normal energy. Some theorists have named this "quintessence," after the fifth element of the Greek philosophers. But, if quintessence is the answer, we still don't know what it is like, what it interacts with, or why it exists. So the mystery continues.

Something I've always considered. I wrote this to Dr. Hawking as well.

This energy fluid field might consist of Helium 3 (also provided by the solar wind)

http://www.explainingthefuture.com/helium3.html

Cfr.The Akashic records for the more spiritually tainted minds.

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Yes Lynn. One could posit that two competing forces were at work. One was the "pull" of gravity and the other might be called the energy of the vacuum. As the "attraction" due to gravity weakened due to the grater distances the force of the vacuum prevailed and caused the expansion to speed up.

Though I am thinking that Hubble and others knew what they were/are doing; I would like to have more evidence than a putative red shift to indicate speed of recession.

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In my opinion dark energy could be the same as the quintessence the ancient Greeks were talking about. The Rosicrucians call it vital life force of cosmic essence. We can receive this essence by means of our pineal gland. As a matter of fact, one could say that dark energy floats right through us. Of course, that is just my opinion so I certainly don't want to force my trustworthiness upon anyone.

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rOZZ
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Dark energy:)
Funny name but I have not seen any energy.
I have lot of energy. Pontential, kinetic, electro-magnetic.
But seeing it...

Then there is negative energy...
Virtual particles with negative energy can exist for a short period.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Negative_energy

And negative mass:)
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Negative_mass

Janne al-Swedi

What is nothing?
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RPBnPpt4fH4
Horror vacui:)

As the "attraction" due to gravity weakened due to the grater distances the force of the vacuum prevailed and caused the expansion to speed up.

We know gravity has a force that can be measured, but does a vacuum have one, and is so what do we measure it in?

In N Newton of course.

Hi Julie,

In traditional Chinese culture, qi is an active principle forming part of any living thing. It is frequently translated as "natural energy", "life force", or "energy flow". Qi is the central underlying principle in traditional Chinese medicine and martial arts.

Concepts similar to qi can be found in many cultures, for example, prana in the Hindu religion, pneuma in ancient Greece, mana in Hawaiian culture, lüng in Tibetan Buddhism, ruah in Hebrew culture, and vital energy in Western philosophy.

Some elements of qi can be understood in the term energy when used by writers and practitioners of various esoteric forms of spirituality and alternative medicine. Elements of the qi concept can also be found in Western popular culture, for example "The Force" in Star Wars. Notions in the West of energeia, élan vital, or "vitalism" are purported to be similar.

Everyone has the same idea in different ways.

Why hasn't there been made a refutable theory out of this information, one might wonder.

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I came into this thread from the start of it and apparently missed its contents for now.

So for now it became only a quick reading of the most important points.

Here are the facts I am able to notice by means of this quick reading.

You are speaking about dark matter, dark energy, worm holes and the like.

All of this very interesting stuff when it comes to the subject of science.

These subjects are supposed to be related to astronomy and space. Therefore it is relevant, because they may be explained by means of mathematics and physics.

So why do you perhaps think that dealing with one kind of subject is relevant and perhaps not another, which may be either similar, or perhaps something different instead?

Filaments making up connections between galaxies and galaxy clusters are supposed to be proven facts, even though most of this is not generally available to the general public. Also some of this discussion may very well be off topic here as well.

Photographic databases, like Sky-map.org are showing us a lot of celestial objects in the sky, including some galaxy clusters as well if you happen to know their name or location.

Are we supposed to be believing in the presence of extraterrestrials only because there are some reports of flying saucers in the sky? Definitely certain things are being better understood than other things because they have been more thoroughly investigated.

The better the sources, the more likely there is that a given report may be turning out to be true. Also certain ordinary people who for some reason are having experiences which they want to tell about should be believed when there is no reason to think that there is something else to their stories.

Filaments making up connections between galaxies and galaxy clusters are supposed to be proven facts, even though most of this is not generally available to the general public. Also some of this discussion may very well be off topic here as well.

Off topic?
Not generally available to the general public?
Then explain this.
[/quote]

http://www.nature.com/news/dark-matter-mapped-at-cosmic-scale-1.1731

That is a very good illustration, Janneseti.

Switching a little between what I am doing, there are illustrations available on Wikipedia, by means of the Google search engine giving a similar description of our nearby galactic clusters being displayed at different scales.

Because the scales are not listed in these illustrations, I am losing track of it slightly. Am I perhaps able to see the Virgo cluster behind a part of this entangled web, or does it perhaps get vanished in the crowd?

Some people are mentioning the Laniakea supercluster as a name for the local group of galxaies and other nearby galaxies. Lost the word for now and unable to find it on my disc as well as carrying out a Google search.

Anyway, found the correct name for it and the corresponding web-link. Being inserted in the paragraph above.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Galaxy_cluster

From there, choose Lists at the link selection given at the bottom, next Superclusters under Interaction.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Laniakea_Supercluster

Yet another name for our surroundings, making room for even more confusion.

To me it becomes the Local group of galaxies, next the Virgo cluster of galaxies and the Coma Borealis cluster, ending with the Corona Borealis cluster. The Hercules cluster becomes lost in the crowd and widely spread across the sky.

Keeping with the thread title, galaxies represent lights from stars and nebulae visible to the eye. Other types of radiation may not be visible but still present. Other types of matter, including the force of gravity represents the glue which is supposed to bind everything together.

Still everything is known to expand or inflate, because the universe is doing just this and not necessarily because of the motions of the individual galaxies with respect to each other.

I have yet to see any proof that dark matter or dark energy may be related to the force of gravity. I do not have any problem with the theories themselves, only happen to know that the notion of dark matter was known before the subject of dark energy became relevant.

We do not see anything like atoms, electrons, or quarks when looking at the universe. It becomes microcosmos versus macrocosmos and we are located in between, at least when it comes to scale.

Still, galaxies and galaxy clusters and everything that might be present in between are known to be having these same building blocks. It is therefore hard to try giving an explanation of a galaxy as a whole when comparing it with every atom making up its composition. When you know that an atom may be represented by even smaller elementary particles, including electrons, it becomes even harder to completely understand.

We may therefore perhaps return to the Wikipedia illustration or diagram where the elementary particles are being listed and also being associated with the four different forces which are supposed to be making up nature.

We may therefore perhaps return to the Wikipedia illustration or diagram where the elementary particles are being listed and also being associated with the four different forces which are supposed to be making up nature.

Electromagnetic force, gravity, weak nuclear force and strong nuclear force of which gravity would be the weakest force of all four.

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a precise formula that describes how electromagnetic radiation is delayed by free-floating electrons.

Aha. This might be akin to the Fritz Zwicky theory of 'Tired Light". Light that is red shifted has less energy. There may be other causes for a difference in red shifts other than velocity increases ??